Ph.D. in Computer Science Program Guide
Updated July 10, 2024
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A Ph.D. in computer science is a terminal degree — the highest credential you can earn in the field. Ph.D. computer science students take advanced coursework that covers computer science theory. They also must complete a dissertation: original research addressing a problem or question in computer science.
Pursuing a doctoral degree in computer science means studying advanced concepts. Graduates can boost their earning potential and qualify for high-level jobs, including teaching and research roles.
This guide explores the benefits of computer science Ph.D.s. We explain what to expect from a typical program, describe potential careers for graduates, and examine important considerations as you choose a school.
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Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.
Why Get a Ph.D. in Computer Science?
A Ph.D. program in computer science can prepare you for in-demand jobs: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects that computer and information technology professions will grow much faster than average between 2022 and 2032, with about 377,500 projected job openings annually. The continued integration of technology into every facet of modern society drives demand for skilled workers in this field.
The need for professionals with computer science expertise also drives wages: The BLS reports that computer science-related jobs paid a median annual salary of $104,200 in 2023, more than double the median salary of $48,060 for all workers.
Benefits of a Ph.D. in computer science include:
- Sharper Skills: A computer science doctorate can help you improve a variety of important career skills, such as research, communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving.
- Job Opportunities: Ph.D. in computer science graduates can qualify for promotions and higher-level roles. This includes management, administrative, and leadership jobs, as well as teaching and research careers.
- Higher Salaries: Earning an advanced degree in computer science can help increase your earning potential. Payscale reports that workers with a computer science Ph.D. earn an average wage of $139,000 as of October 2023. By comparison, those with just a BS in computer science make $94,000 annually as of May 2024.
The table below consists of data about Ph.D. graduates in computer and information sciences. Between 2017 and 2022, the number of graduating students has increased overall. Though male-identifying students receive significantly more degrees in this field than female-identifying students, the number of graduates overall increased for both groups. This increase may reflect the ongoing demand for computer science professionals with advanced knowledge.
| Year | Total Students | Male-Identifying Students | Female-Identifying Students |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-22 | 2,790 | 2,074 | 716 |
| 2020-21 | 2,573 | 1,923 | 650 |
| 2019-20 | 2,415 | 1,868 | 547 |
| 2018-19 | 2,224 | 1,716 | 508 |
| 2017-18 | 2,017 | 1,580 | 437 |
Computer Science Careers for Ph.D. Graduates
Computer and Information Research Scientists
Computer and information research scientists study computing problems and innovate new technologies. Frequent duties include creating new computer languages and software systems, designing computer experiments, and writing papers about their research. The BLS projects much faster-than-average growth for this job from 2022 to 2032.
Postsecondary Teachers
Graduates of Ph.D. in computer science programs can qualify for postsecondary teacher jobs — professors and lecturers at the college level. Typical duties include creating lesson plans, teaching classes, grading student work, and conducting research. Some postsecondary teachers advance their careers by becoming a dean, provost, or president of a university.
Computer and Information Systems Managers
Computer and information systems managers oversee all computer-related work at their organizations. They usually need at least five years of relevant professional experience. They set goals, manage workers, and analyze IT needs for their organization.
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What to Expect From Computer Science Doctoral Degrees
Ph.D. programs in computer science explore advanced topics in computing theory, including artificial intelligence, database management, software engineering, and human-computer interaction. In addition to coursework, doctoral students typically complete a dissertation reflecting their original research.
A typical Ph.D. in computer science takes 4-6 years. Factors that can impact program length include whether you already hold a master's in computer science, how long your research takes, and whether you attend part time or full time.
Admission Requirements
To get into a Ph.D. program in computer science, applicants typically need a bachelor's or master's degree in computer science or a related field, such as a bachelor's degree in cybersecurity or computer engineering. Many programs require a minimum 3.0 GPA from previous coursework.
Applicants — especially those from non-computer science backgrounds — may need to complete foundational prerequisites in computer science before taking classes for their doctoral degree. Some schools require GRE or GMAT scores. Other admission requirements may include letters of recommendation, resumes, and statements of purpose. Applicants typically pay an application fee, often ranging from $50 to $150.
Degree and Specialization Options
Doctoral programs in computer science may culminate in a Ph.D. or a doctorate in computer science. Ph.D. programs usually focus on research and academics, while doctorates may emphasize professional applied skills. Ph.D. programs may take longer to complete than doctorates because of more intensive research requirements.
If you want to become a computer science professor or work in academia, consider a Ph.D. In contrast, pursue a professional doctorate if you plan to work in the private sector.
At the Ph.D. level, some programs offer concentrations that let students focus on subfields of computer science. Popular specializations include data science, software engineering, artificial intelligence, and software systems.
Popular Graduate Degree Courses
Ph.D. programs in computer science offer advanced courses that explore topics like algorithms, human-computer interaction, research methods, and data mining. Other popular classes include software architecture, computer security, and theory of computation. Below, we highlight some typical courses Ph.D. in computer science students take. Specific courses vary by program.
- Algorithm Concepts: This class explores abstract data structures and design and analysis of algorithms. Students learn about parallel algorithms, performance evaluation, and dynamic programming.
- Computer Security Risk: Students in this course learn about topics like security management practices, network and internet security, and security architecture.
- Programming for Data Science: This elective class examines various programming languages, including how to use them for data science. Topics include string operations, data mining techniques, and debugging.
- Graduate Research Methods: This course covers foundational quantitative and qualitative research methods. Students learn to apply these techniques in computer science contexts and explore research question formulation, data analysis, and presentation skills.
- Human-Computer Interaction: Learners in this class explore theories of human-computer interaction. Topics include interface design, human-computer interaction research methods, and interface programming.
How Much Will a Doctoral Degree in Computer Science Cost?
The cost of getting a doctoral degree in computer science varies. Factors that impact the price of a degree include institution type (public versus private), school prestige, and program length.
Public universities generally charge lower tuition rates than private ones, and in-state students at public schools pay significantly less than out-of-state learners. When evaluating tuition costs, however, keep in mind that a program's sticker price can vary significantly from its net price — the amount you actually pay. Financial aid from the government or your school can reduce your doctorate's price significantly.
Don't forget about other costs that students typically incur while earning a degree. This may include textbooks, software, a computer, and living expenses.
Average Published Tuition Price for Doctoral Degrees, 2023-24
Public Four-Year Institutions
$11,930
Private Nonprofit Four-Year Institutions
$49,660
Graduate students can pursue multiple avenues of funding to cover the cost of their tuition. You can help pay for your computer science degree using federal financial aid, which includes student loans and grants. Schools and private organizations give out computer science scholarships. At the doctoral level, programs often offer fellowships and assistantships for researching and teaching, which can cover the full cost of tuition and provide a stipend.
Choosing the Right Ph.D. in Computer Science Program
When choosing where to earn your Ph.D. in computer science, think about the factors that matter most to you. We explore several crucial considerations below.
- Accreditation: Make sure that all prospective schools on your list hold institutional accreditation. You can verify this information with the Council for Higher Education Accreditation's school directory. Accreditation verifies that a school meets standards of academic excellence.
- Prestige: Attending a prestigious computer science Ph.D. program with name recognition may help you get better job offers after graduation. However, it's not essential that you attend a top-tier program to get the knowledge and skills you need to excel in this field.
- Cost: Ask any prospective program about the total estimated cost of the degree and any institutional funding opportunities. These may include graduate research or teaching assistantships, scholarships, or fellowships.
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Questions About Doctorates in Computer Science
Is it worth getting a Ph.D. in computer science?
Whether getting a Ph.D. in computer science is worth it depends on your goals. Graduates of computer science Ph.D. programs can earn higher-than-average salaries and qualify for advanced roles, including teaching and research jobs.
How do I get a Ph.D. in computer science?
Many colleges and universities offer Ph.D. programs in computer science. You can earn this degree by completing advanced coursework and an original research dissertation that contributes new ideas to the field.
How much can I make with a doctorate in computer science?
Graduates of Ph.D. programs in computer science can earn higher-than-average wages. For example, computer and information systems managers — an advanced role that typically requires multiple years of experience — earned a median annual salary of $169,510 in 2023.
What skills will I learn in a computer science graduate program?
A computer science graduate program covers advanced computer science theory, algorithms, database management, and machine learning. Ph.D. students usually specialize in a subdiscipline of the field, like data science, cybersecurity, or artificial intelligence.
Page last reviewed April 22, 2024.
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